Hitler's early years (1889-1918) Adolf Hitler was born on 20 April1889, the son of a customs official in Braunau am Inn, born in Austria. He grew up in Braunau, and Passau, Linz and surrounding areas. Two years after the death of his father in 1905 he broke off a visit to the school without a diploma. From 1905 to 1907 he lived without education and without the exercise of a profession with financial support from his mother in Linz. In September 1907, Hitler went to Vienna to attend the general school of painting at the Academy of Fine Arts. He failed, however, twice in the entrance examination. In Vienna, he led the life of a bohemian and described himself as a writer and painter. In contrast to his views in 'Mein Kampf', he did not have to hire themselves out as laborers. He lived after the death of his mother in December 1907 of a pension as well as from donations from his family. From 1908 to 1913 he lived in homeless men and dormitories. During his time in Vienna, Hitler came up with extreme anti-Semitic and nationalist ideologies in contact. With the internalization of such ideas grew his aversion to Marxism and liberalism. In 1913 he moved to Munich in order to escape the Austrian military service, but had to return to the pattern when he was tracked down by the Austrian authorities in Munich. Declared unfit, he signed up a year later volunteered for the front. Since the beginning of the 1st World War II, he served as a volunteer in the Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment 16 as a messenger. His military rank never exceeded that of a corporal, but he was awarded the Iron Cross of both classes. The war experience influenced Hitler decisively. The military hierarchy should be its guiding principle, find the experience of communion in his conception of the national community. From the conclusion of the armistice, Hitler learned, temporarily blinded by poison gas, in November1918 in a hospital in Pomerania. Following a widespread opinion that he understood the surrender as a stab in the back by Jews and Marxists. The political rise of Hitler remained after the end of World War II, Hitler first in the army, which appointed him for the training of nationalist soldiers and as political informants. In this function he attended in September 1919 Meeting of the German Workers' Party (DAP). A little later he was picked up and quickly developed into its assembly speaker and head of propaganda. In February 1920, the DAP named the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) in order. Hitler had now as drummer of the party and formed them in a short time to his parte to the Hitler movement. At rallies and mass meetings, he agitated against demagogic sent the Treaty of Versailles and against the Weimar Republic. He gave his party's very popular. On the 29th he was elected chairman Juli1921 the Nazi Party, and he was given dictatorial powers. On 1/2 September 1923 Hitler founded in Nuremberg, together with the retired general, Erich Ludendorff, several right-wing groups fighting the German Confederation. With this alliance, Hitler made ​​on 8 November 1923 attempt to gain power in Bavaria and overthrow by a march on Berlin, the Reich government. The hoped-for support from like-minded Bavarian government Ritter von Kahr was made, however, and the coup was put down in front of the Munich Feldherrnhalle. NSDAP and SA Völkischer observers were banned. The treason trial for this incident (from 26 February until 1 April 1924), Hitler used propaganda for himself and his party. The judgment of 1 Of April, only five years imprisonment fixed. Hitler was already on 20 Released in December 1924 ahead of the Fortress of Landsberg am Lech. During his imprisonment, wrote the first volume of Hitler's "Mein Kampf". In this and the end of 1926, conceived the second volume of Hitler formulated his central goals and beliefs: anti-Bolshevism, radical anti-Semitic and the creation of habitat in the East. "Mein Kampf" had already reached very high volumes before 1933. The objectives were published in it, however, strongly underestimated. On 26 February 1925 and re-established in the Nazi Party, Hitler took over the lead. He built successively from its leading position in the party. In the Reichstag elections of the 14th September 1930, the Nazi Party won 18.2 percent of the vote. Just a day after the election, Hitler declared that he would fall one day the power of self, and that by legal means. On 11 October 1931 joined the NSDAP, DNVP and other right-wing groups to Harrisburg Front together. The alliance was indeed politically because of many differences between the party leaders hardly effective, but Hitler was of interest to the industry. In March 1932, Hitler ran for the kingdom of presidential elections, but lost in the first round with 30.23 percent of votes in the second round with 36, 68 percent of the incumbent Paul Von Hindenburg. In the elections to the Reich stag on 31 July 1932, the Nazi Party, not least because of the economic crisis, with 37.4 percent for the largest fraction. A government involvement, but Hitler refused, because he himself wanted to take over the government. In the elections of 6 November 1932, the Nazi Party but lost about four percent, but remained the strongest force. On 30 January 1933 Hitler was supported by former Chancellor Franz Von Paten, the president appointed Reich Chancellor. Hitler and the Nazi regime, the new government were at first only three National Socialists. These were in addition to Hitler, Hermann Goering and Wilhelm Frick. He succeeded in a short time to establish a dictatorship. The first occasion offered to the Reich stag fire of 27 February 1933. Located on the occasion of Hitler's 28th president February adopted legislation to protect people and the rich set permanently in the Wiemar Constitution guaranteed the fundamental rights suspended. Even in the night of 28 February began a major wave of arrests, the Communists fell, intellectual leftists, socialists and anarchists to the victim. The Law to Remedy the Distress of People and the Reich on 24 March 1933, the so-called Enabling Act, created by the abolition of the separation of powers, the basis for the establishment of an authoritarian, focused on Hitler's system of rule. At the same time advised the SA to the first concentration camps to detain political enemies. After the elimination of political opposition, Hitler turned under the so-called Röhm putsch on 30 June 1934 the intra-party opposition as if he read murder with the help of SS and Reichswehr in a bloody campaign Ernst Roehm and other leading SA men. By the Act of 3 July was the action subsequently declared a state of self-defense to be lawful. The SA lost to their independent status and the SS, Hitler was directly subordinate. After the death of Hindenburg, Hitler was born on 2 August 1934, and became President of the Reich Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor. The army was now on him and not sworn to the Constitution. After completion of the uniformity of the countries, organizations and political parties focused on Hitler's foreign and racial policies. The Nuremberg Laws of 15 September 1935 called on to discrimination and persecution of the Jews in the Reich Pogrom Night of 9 November 1938 escalated for the first time. In foreign policy, Hitler initially aimed at a revision of the Versailles Treaty, and thus to restore Germany's power position in Europe. His first success in this area was for a referendum in January 1935, the Return of the Saarland to the German Reich. It was followed by the reintroduction of compulsory military service in May 1935 and a massive rearmament of the Wehrmacht. The military occupation of the demilitarized Rhineland on 7 March 1936 remained unpunished by the victorious powers of World War II. In October 1936, the first four-year plan came into force with the aim of ensuring the viability of the German army and war economy within four years. 1936 Hitler, Franco military assistance rendered in the Spanish Civil War. The end of 1936 was the establishment of the Berlin-Rome Axis between the Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini and Nazi Germany. Before high Wehrmacht officers, Hitler put on 5 November 1937, his risk policy and concretized his foreign policy plans, which were all aimed at the creation of habitats in Europe. First goal should be the union of Austria and the overthrow of Czechoslovakia. With this plan, however, Hitler provoked the opposition of the War Minister Werner von Blomberg and the Army Commander in Chief, Werner von Fritsch. Under certain circumstances, both constructed in early 1938 in the wake of the Blomberg-Fritsch crisis were dismissed. In order to remain in power, the Wehrmacht, Hitler took over on 4 February 1938 even as the head of the newly created Supreme Command of the Wehrmacht (OKW), the supreme command. His aggressive foreign policy was favored by the appeasement policies of the European powers, especially Great Britain. Sun succeeded in unimpeded on 12 March 1938, the annexation of Austria, and on 29 September 1938 with the Munich Agreement, the transfer of the Sudetenland to Germany. When Hitler on 15 March 1939, occupied in violation of the Munich Agreement, Bohemia and Moravia and to explain the Protectorate left, he had gone over so visible to anyone on an imperialist expansionism. For their protection, he completed on 22  Mai1939 with Mussolini, a military alliance, the Pact of Steel, and 23 August 1939, surprisingly a non-aggression pact with Stalin. It contained shared secret supplementary agreement of Eastern and Central Europe into a German and a Soviet sphere of interest. The attack on Poland on 1 September 1939 finally broke out of the 2nd World War when Hitler declared its goal to create living space in the East and the solution of the Jewish question in Europe.    Even at 31 January 1939, Hitler announced in a speech to the Reichstag, the destruction of the Jewish race in Europe as part of a world war, as well as in the heavily influenced by him, anti-Semitic propaganda film "The Eternal Jew". The Second World War with the so-called successful blitzkrieg against Poland (1st September 1939), Denmark and Norway (9 April 1940) and the Netherlands, Belgium and France (May 10, 1940), the German army, Hitler moved to his side. In preparation for the attack on the Soviet Union, he issued on 13 March 1941 an OKW directive for the establishment of task forces and on 6 June 1941 so-called command-Commissioner for the treatment of the political commissars of the Red Army. In both commands to show the aims of Hitler: The management of a racial and ideological war of extermination. Was no opposition from the military on 22 June 1941, the attack on the Soviet Union. SS-Einsatzgruppen began immediately thereafter in the occupied territories with the systematic extermination of Jews, Gypsies and other racial and political undesirables. When the German advance slowed in the late autumn, Hitler took over on 19 December 1941 even the command of the army, and even more certain now, the individual military operations. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, told the German Empire, allied with Japan since 1940 in the Tripartite Pact on 11 December 1941 U.S. war. Hitler tried this step, a defeat of Japan and the concentration of the U.S. war on Germany to prevent the Soviet Union but to beat yet. A delusion From late 1942, early 1943, a German defeat began to emerge more clearly. The defeat at Stalingrad marked the turning point in Februar1943 the Eastern war. However, he left the war and the industrial murder of the Jews to continue. 20th Juli1944 failed to assassinate the military resistance groups were organized, and the domestic terror intensified again. As the end of his millennial kingdom was in sight, he ordered on 19 March 1945 with the Nero command the destruction of vital production, since in his view had failed the German people and had thus forfeited its right to exist. On 29 April 1945, Hitler appointed Admiral Karl Donizetti to succeed, and wrote his political testament. He pointed to the need for the extermination of European Jews. On 30 April, he took with his wife Eva Braun in his bunker of the Reich Chancellery in Berlin life.